Han Chang'an, Eastern Terminus

Overview

Chang'an under Emperor Wu of Han was the largest city in the world, the eastern terminus of the trade routes that would later be called the Silk Road. Walled, gridded, and home to a million people, it was the political center of an empire stretching to the Tarim Basin.

Historical Context

Emperor Wu (r. 141-87 BC) sent envoys like Zhang Qian westward to forge alliances against the Xiongnu, opening durable trade routes between China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean world.

What to Notice

• Tile-roofed palaces inside massive earthen walls.
• Caravan camels with bundled silk and jade.
• Officials in Han robes with elaborate hats.